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Clinical biochemistry L4

A scientific illustration depicting fluid compartments in the human body, highlighting intracellular and extracellular fluids, with labeled ions like Na+, K+, and Cl- flowing between them, in a visually engaging and educational style.

Fluid Balance in Clinical Biochemistry Quiz

Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of clinical biochemistry, specifically focusing on fluid balance within the human body. This quiz covers essential concepts related to extracellular and intracellular water, dehydration types, and the roles of various ions in the body.

Prepare to challenge yourself with questions on:

Water distribution in the body
Osmosis and its biological significance
Electrolyte balance and clinical conditions

16 Questions4 MinutesCreated by StudyingFluid92

1. All water external to the cell membrane is called:

Extracellular fluid

Intracellular fluid

Intravascular fluid

Transcellular fluid

2. All water within the cell membrane and cell content

Extracellular fluid

Trans cellular fluid

Intracellular fluid

Intravascular fluid

3. Extracellular water (ECW) are

Plasma (Intravascular water)

Interstitial fluid

Transcellular fluid

Plasma (intravascular water), Interstitial fluids, Transcellular water

4. What is the biological function of ECW?

The medium through which all metabolic exchange occurs

The medium in which chemical reactions of cell metabolism occur

5. What is the biological function of ICW?

The medium through which all metabolic exchange occurs

The medium in which chemical reactions of cell metabolism occur

6. Water is the richest substance in the body, which group has the most water?

Fetus

Children

Adult-men

Adult-women

Fetus>children> adult-men>adult-women

7. Why during adolescence (1314 years old), does intracellular water in womentendencyt decrease and attend to increase?

Women's menstrual bleeding

Women drink less water than men

Men are more physically active that provide more cells than women

None answer above

8. What is osmosis?

It is all water within the cell membrane and cell content

It is all water external to the cell membrane

The force that tends to move water from a low-concentration solution into a high- concentration solution

None answers above

9. What are the conditions that lead to the release of ADH and stimulate drinking water?

Increased Extracellular water osmolarity

Decrease blood volume

Decrease renal perfusion

Increase Extracellular water osmolarity, decrease blood volume, decrease renal perfusion

A. What is the cation and anion predominant in ICW?

Na+ and CL-

K+

Protein

K+. Protein and PO4-

10. What is the cation and anion predominant in ECW?

Na+ and CL-

K+

Protein

K+ protein and PO4-

11. What is the anion gap?

([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ]) – ([Na+ ]+[K+ ])

([Na+ ]+[K+ ]) - ([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ])

[Cl- ] – ([Na+ ]+[K+ ])

([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ]) – [Na+ ]

12. What is the major difference of plasma and ISF?

Present of Na+ and CL-

Present of Na+

Present of protein

Present of H20

13. The types of dehydration:

Hypernatremia dehydration

Normonatremia dehydration

Hyponatremia dehydration

All answers above

14. CLINICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPONATREMIA:

Water excess greater than sodium excess

Sodium deficit greater than water deficit

Movement of sodium from the extracellular to intracellular

Pseudohyponatremia

All answers above

15. CLINICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERNATREMIA:

Sodium excess greater than water excess

Water deficiency greater than sodium deficiency

Sodium excess greater than water excess & Water deficiency greater than sodium deficiency

Water excess greater than sodium excess

Sodium deficit greater than water deficit

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