Clinical Biochemistry L5
Clinical Biochemistry Challenge
Test your knowledge on clinical biochemistry and renal physiology with our comprehensive quiz! This quiz is designed for students and enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of kidney fun
- 30 multiple choice questions
- Covers topics including urine formation, hormone fun
ctions, and renal diseases - Immediate feedback on your answers
1. Reabsorption of water, ions, and all organic nutrients is_________
Renal Corpuscle
Loop of henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
2. Production of filtration is________
Renal Corpuscle
Loop Of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
3. Further reabsorption of water (descending) and both Na+ and CL-(ascending) is__________.
Renal corpuscle
Loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
4. Secretion of ions, acids, drugs, toxins and 8. Variable reabsorption of water, Na+, and Ca++ (under hormonal control) is____________.
Renal corpuscle
Loop of Henle
Proximal Convoluted tubule
Renal convoluted tubule
Other
Please Specify:
6. Process of Urine Formation
1processes: Glomerular filtration
2 processes: Glomerular filtration and Tubular reabsorption of the substance from the tubular fluid into blood
2 processes: Tubular secretion of the substance from the blood into the tubular fluid and Tubular reabsorption of the substance from the tubular fluid into blood
3 processes: (1) Glomerular filtration (2) Tubular reabsorption of the substance from the tubular fluid into blood (3) Tubular secretion of the substance from the blood into the tubular fluid
7. Filtration, Reabsorption, and Excretion by Kidney What substance that is reabsorbed 100%?
Sodium
Potassium
Albumin
Glucose
Bicarbonate
8. Which one is hormone that stimulates red blood cell production?
Vitamin D
Erythropoietin
Antidiuretic hormones
Renin
9. ________ is used in patients with kidney disease who can’t make enough of the active form of Vitamin D.
Calciferol
Erythropoietin
Antidiuretic Hormone
Renin
10.________ is released into bloodstream to increase the blood volume.
Calciferol
Erythropoietin
Antidiuretic hormone
Renin
11. Hormones that are produced in or activated by Kidney
Calciferol
Erythropoietin
Antidiuretic hormone
Renin, erythropoietin and calciferol
12. Hormones that stimulate or acts on kidney:
ADH/AVP/Vasopressin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Aldosterone
ADH/AVP/Vasopressin, Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Aldosterone
13. Hormone decreasing the amount of the urine produced is __________.
ADH/AVP/Vasopressin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Aldosterone
Renin
14. Hormone is release of calcium by bones into the bloodstream:
ADH/AVP/Vasopressin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Aldosterone
Renin
15. ____________ regulates the salt and water balance of the body by increasing the retention of sodium and water and the excretion of potassium by the kidneys
ADH/AVP/Vasopressin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Aldosterone
Renin
16. _________ is an acute inflammation of the glomeruli that causes oliguria, the presence of red blood cells in the urine (hematuria), increased BUN and creatinine levels in the blood, reduced glomerulus (GFR), swelling and hypertension.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute renal failure
Tubular disease (TD)
17. ————— are defined as clinical entities characterized by massive proteinuria, decreased serum albumin and lipiduria.
Nephrotic syndrome
Urinary tract infection
Renal calculi (RC)
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Acute Renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
18.___________can cause the secretion or reabsorption of any particular biomolecule or malfunction of the urinary concentration and dilution mechanism.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
19. __________ can occur in the bladder (cystitis) or can be related to the kidneys (pyelonephritis).
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
20. What is the presence of bacterial concentrations in the urine to diagnosis of urinary tract infections?
10 colonies/mL
100 colonies/mL
1,000 colonies/mL
10,000 colonies/mL
100,000 colonies/mL
21.__________ Is characterized by residual urine in the bladder after urination or urinary retention, while the presence of upper urinary tract obstruction is manifested by urine collection system dilated above the obstruction.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Obstruction
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
22. _________ are associated with renal colic, the presence of red blood cells in the urine (hematuria) and symptoms of infection and urethral obstruction
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
23. _________ causes (occurring before the blood reaches the kidneys) due to hypo-volemia or insufficient blood supply due to cardiovascular failure.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Pre-renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
24. ___________ causes (occurring in the kidneys) due to acute tubular necrosis, which is the most common cause of acute renal failure or other kidney disease, causing a rapid decrease in kidney function.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary tract infection
Renal calculi (RC)
Acute renal failure
Tubular disease (TD)
25. __________ causes (which occurs after urine leaves the kidneys) due to obstruction.
Acute glomerulonephritis
Urinary tract infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute post-renal Failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
26. _________is a clinical manifestation of the progressively increase in loss of kidney function
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Urinary tract infection
Renal Calculi (RC)
Acute Renal Failure
Chronic renal failure
Tubular Disease (TD)
27. __________ defined as a urine output that is less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants, less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children, and less than 400 mL daily in adults.
Gross hematuria
Microscopic hematuria
Massive proteinuria
Oliguria
Anuria
28. _________ is non-passage of urine; in practice, it is defined as the passage of less than 100 mL of urine in a day
Gross hematuria
Microscopic hematuria
Massive proteinuria
Oliguria
Anuria
29._________: is when a person can see the blood in his or her urine
Gross hematuria
Microscopic hematuria
Massive proteinuria
Oliguria
Anuria
30.__________ is when a person cannot see the blood in his or her urine, yet a health care professional can see it under a microscope.
Gross hematuria
Microscopic hematuria
Massive proteinuria
Oliguria
Anuria
31. ________ : protein presents in urine greater than 3.5 to 4.0 g/day.
Gross hematuria
Microscopic hematuria
Massive proteinuria
Oliguria
Anuria
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